基于POI大数据的衢州城市旅游休闲业态分布特征及形成机制研究

基于2021年浙江省衢州市的POI（兴趣点）相关数据，运用 ArcGIS 空间分析方法中的标准差椭圆、重心、核密度分析等空间分析工具，从数量变化、分布特征、集聚情况几个方面厘清衢州城市旅游休闲业态分布规律，研究衢州城市旅游休闲业态的形成机制。结果发现：①从整体来看，衢州市中心城区旅游休闲业态呈现空间集聚特征，周围县市的集聚形势尚不明显，数量上来看，中心城区尤其是柯城区相关业态数量较为丰富，衢西、衢北地区较为稀疏；②从各业态分布情况来看，各业态标准差椭圆的移动轨迹呈西南–东北走向，住宿服务业分布范围较为广泛，但尚未形成明显集聚中心，购物服务业态分布方向显著性不强，餐饮服务业密集程度高，各业态均值中心呈现向市中心集聚的空间发展特征，多数业态平均中心均位于主城区柯城区；③从各业态集聚情况来看，中心城区具有多核发展趋势，周围县区低密度点状集聚。餐饮服务业态集中在衢东北、衢北的城市腹地，购物服务、休闲娱乐、旅游景点业态的网点分布相似，住宿服务业态主要表现为中心城区核心辐射，远城区呈多斑点环绕分布，围绕旅游景点与交通主干线不断扩展；④从形成机制来看，市场环境、人口规模、交通条件是衢州市旅游休闲业态空间分布的决定性因素，行业内部的相互联系是产业发展的潜在动能，不同影响因素分别通过市场调节和政府宏观调控共同作用于衢州市旅游休闲业态的形成与发展。     

垂直裂缝井椭圆流模型在F油田的应用

为了确定适合于F油田目前密井网生产条件的试井解释方法,统计分析了F油田的历年试井资料,总结试井曲线规律,根据试井资料曲线特征最终确定垂直裂缝井椭圆流模型适合该油田开发现状,并且给出了考虑注采比的密井网条件地层压力计算方法。以F油田A井为例,对该井关井162h进行分析,实测曲线反映出了双线性流阶段,解释出的参数和计算出的地层压力与油井符合度较高。研究结果对F油田具有一定的实用性,可以为F油田制定下一步开发方案提供科学依据。     

Framing of economic news and policy support during a pandemic: Evidence from a survey experiment

We examine how news outlets’ communication of macroeconomic information affects policy support during the COVID-19 crisis. In our survey experiment based on a representative sample from Germany, respondents are exposed to an expert forecast of GDP growth. Individuals either receive no information, the baseline forecast, or real-world media frames of the same forecast. We find that positive framing of economic growth increases policy support. This effect is stronger for respondents with more pessimistic macroeconomic expectations. Negatively framed economic news are perceived as more credible and hence less surprising in times of recession, not translating into political opinion.     

International network formation,home market institutional support and post-entry performance of international new ventures

Effectuation and causation decision-making logics are noted to be major alternative approaches to international network formation. However, knowledge is lacking on how and the conditions under which the two approaches contribute to post-entry performance of international new ventures (INVs). We integrate the theory of effectuation and institutional development logic to explain how effectuation and causation approaches to international network formation individually and jointly contribute to post-entry performance under varying conditions of home market institutional support. We test our proposed framework on primary data from 228 INVs in a sub-Saharan African economy. Results suggest that greater uses of both effectuation and causation approaches to international network formation are associated with stronger post-entry performance. More interestingly, results show that the joint effect of the two international network formation approaches on post-entry performance is amplified under conditions of low home market institutional support. Our findings provide theoretical and managerial insights on the importance of complementing effectual and causal reasoning in international network formation in weak home market institutional environments.     

Toward the adoption of digital assistive technology: Factors affecting older people's initial trust formation

In recent decades, Europe has experienced a major societal challenge—the aging of the human population. The Finnish government has responded to this challenge by focusing on individually tailored services that enable older adults to live independently and comfortably at home for longer with the help of digital assistive technology. This paper presents the findings of an empirical study on how initial trust is formed with regard technology adoption by older people. Four bases of trust (personality, cognitive, calculative, and institutional) underpin the theoretical framework of the study. A qualitative research approach was adopted, utilizing individual and focus group interviews with older people living independently in urban and rural areas of South Finland. The findings derived from thematic analysis offer new insights into the complex and multidimensional process of older people's initial trust formation, which is affected by an interplay of 12 identified factors shaping the four bases of trust and four supplementary factors. These findings lead to propositions for future research.     

Category expansion through cross-channel demand spillovers

Does the local presence of premium branded stores with strong associations to a product group help promote the relevant category as a whole? Based on the Starbucks example, this paper documents such a demand spillover effect for coffee across channels and firms: The firm’s stores stimulate coffee demand in mass-market grocery channels, benefiting rival firms that target consumption at home. I show the spillover at the household level, as well as with retail scanner data, employing a demand model to account for supply-side responses. To establish causality, I use a strict fixed effects specification with trend controls, and also validate the findings using instrumental variables based on the supply-side advantage to operating chain stores in proximate markets. In a representative market, the presence of a Starbucks stores boosts rival packaged coffee sales by 1.2%. The increase appears consistent a consumption stimulation effect of Starbucks stores acting as environmental cues for coffee, their main product. Evidence from other chains confirms the spillover, mainly from more premium brands with high demand-stimulating potential to lower-end mass products. The effect builds over time, and as cue theories predict, interacts positively with past consumption, suggesting a reinforcing effect on consumption habits.     

Goode Food Trucks Inc.*

This fictional case centers around a young Dutch couple who emigrated to Canmore, Alberta. Upon arriving, Saul and Rens opened two successful food trucks and are now looking to promote each truck's main chef to truck manager. They plan to offer a performance bonus based on the net income of each truck and have requested a local accounting student to advise them on the new bonus structure. Goode Food Trucks Inc. presents an opportunity for students to demonstrate technical competence in managerial accounting (rate methods, period cost allocation, and data visualization); strategy and governance (employee performance incentives); and financial reporting (reporting needs) while incorporating enabling competencies (communicating and adding value). The case and teaching notes were adapted from principles used to train and evaluate Chartered Professional Accountant (CPA) candidates and tailored to an appropriate level for undergraduate learners. MBA instructors may also use this case to apply multiple concepts in a defined context, thus enhancing a course's “real-life” applicability.     

When interruptions can boost sales: An on-line versus memory-based perspective

Consumer research about interruptions either assumes interruption homogeneity or single-product evaluations. To remedy these problematic assumptions, this research explores the interplay between different interruption features (i.e., timing, frequency, and duration) and information processing modes (i.e., on-line versus memory-based) through the lens of impression formation theory. Two experiments show overall evaluations and purchase intentions for single products are highly sensitive to interruption features. For bundled products, this sensitivity disappears, and overall evaluations and purchase intentions remain stable regardless of the interruption's features. These results explain why unexpected marketing outcomes associated with frequent later and short interruptions or one early interruption during a decision process always induce better single-product evaluations. These results also suggest several salesperson-customer interaction strategies for practitioners.     

Shaking hands with common foes: Clique premium and information diffusion in private equity networks

The fastest growing segment of private equity deals is secondary buyouts (SBOs) sales from one private equity (PE) firm to another. We operationalize a novel FactSet database to map the network structures of secondary buyouts between PE firms. We offer three contributions. First, after controlling for economic covariates, we find that PE firms are almost three times more likely to transact if they share a partner, that is both firms belong to the same clique. Second, we find that the profitability of such transactions is unambiguously higher relative to the baseline only if these are the result of repeated interaction between firms belonging to the same cliques. In other words, a clique premium exists under repeated interaction. Third, we provide evidence that the economic incentive at the core of clique premium may be related to access to information. In fact, we show that information related to transactions diffuses through the network, with 23% and 16% of the information going one and two steps beyond transacting parties, respectively.     

Inflation Expectations,Inflation Target Credibility,and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Germany

Using the exact wording of the European Central Bank's definition of price stability, we started a representative online survey of German citizens in January 2019 that is designed to measure long-term inflation expectations and the credibility of the inflation target. Our results indicate that credibility has decreased in our sample period, particularly in the course of the deep recession implied by the Covid-19 pandemic. Interestingly, even though inflation rates in Germany have been clearly below 2% for several years, credibility has declined mainly because Germans increasingly expect that inflation will be much higher than 2% over the medium term. We investigate how inflation expectations and the impact of the pandemic depend on personal characteristics including age, gender, education, and political attitude.